[Nov-2025] Latest CISA-CN Exam Dumps for Pass Guaranteed
Reliable Certified Information Systems Auditor CISA-CN Dumps PDF Nov 13, 2025 Recently Updated Questions
NEW QUESTION # 132
下列哪一項最能幫助組織提高支援監管報告的最終使用者計算 (EUC) 應用程式的可見性？
- A. EUC 庫存
- B. EUC 存取控制矩陣
- C. 營運有效性的 EUC 測試
- D. EUC 可用性控制
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 133
在評估透過遠端呼叫中心雙向複製客戶資料庫的建議項目時，IS 審核員應確保：
- A. 來源資料庫在兩個站點上都備份。
- B. 兩個資料庫上的使用者權限相同。
- C. 資料庫衝突在複製過程中進行管理。
- D. 最終使用者接受複製過程訓練。
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
A database conflict occurs when the same data is modified at two separate servers, such as a customer database and a remote call center database, and the changes are not consistent with each other. For example, if a customer updates their phone number at the customer database, and a call center agent updates the same customer's address at the remote call center database, there is a conflict between the two updates. Database conflicts can cause data inconsistency, corruption, or loss if they are not detected and resolved properly.
Two-way replication is a process of synchronizing data between two databases, so that any changes made in one database are reflected in the other database, and vice versa. Two-way replication can improve data availability, performance, and scalability, but it also increases the risk of database conflicts. Therefore, when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center, the IS auditor should ensure that database conflicts are managed during replication. This means that the project should have a clear and effective strategy for:
Preventing or minimizing database conflicts by using techniques such as locking, timestamping, or partitioning.
Detecting or identifying database conflicts by using tools such as triggers, logs, or alerts.
Resolving or handling database conflicts by using methods such as priority-based, rule-based, or user-based resolution.
The other possible options are:
B: end users are trained in the replication process: This is not a relevant or important factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. End users are not directly involved in the replication process, and they do not need to have detailed knowledge or skills about how replication works. The replication process should be transparent and seamless to the end users, and they should only interact with the data through their applications or interfaces.
C: the source database is backed up on both sites: This is not a sufficient or necessary factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. Backing up the source database on both sites can provide some level of data protection and recovery, but it does not address the issue of database conflicts that can occur during replication. Moreover, backing up the source database on both sites may not be feasible or efficient, as it may consume more storage space and network bandwidth, and introduce more complexity and overhead to the replication process.
D: user rights are identical on both databases: This is not a critical or relevant factor for the IS auditor to ensure when assessing a proposed project for the two-way replication of a customer database with a remote call center. User rights are the permissions or privileges that users have to access or modify data in a database. User rights do not directly affect the occurrence or resolution of database conflicts during replication. User rights may vary depending on the role or function of the users in different databases, and they should be defined and enforced according to the security policies and requirements of each database.
NEW QUESTION # 134
在例行的內部軟體許可審查期間，資訊系統審計員發現員工共享關鍵業務軟體的許可證金鑰的情況。下列哪一項是審計員的最佳行動方案？
- A. 驗證使用者對共享軟體授權的需求
- B. 建議使用軟體許可監控工具
- C. 建議購買額外的軟體許可證金鑰
- D. 驗證許可協議是否允許共享使用
Answer: D
Explanation:
The auditor's best course of action after discovering instances where employees shared license keys to critical pieces of business software is to verify whether the licensing agreement allows shared use. A licensing agreement is a contract between the software provider and the user that defines the terms and conditions of using the software, including the number, type, and scope of licenses granted. Some licensing agreements may allow shared use of license keys among multiple users or devices, while others may prohibit or restrict such use. By verifying the licensing agreement, the auditor can determine whether the employees violated the contract or not, and whether there are any legal or financial risks or implications for the organization.
The other options are not as appropriate as option D, as they may not address the root cause of the issue or provide a comprehensive solution. Recommending the utilization of software licensing monitoring tools may help prevent or detect future instances of license key sharing, but it does not resolve the current situation or ensure compliance with the licensing agreement. Recommending the purchase of additional software license keys may be unnecessary or wasteful if the licensing agreement already allows shared use or if there are unused licenses available. Validating user need for shared software licenses may help identify the reasons or motivations behind license key sharing, but it does not justify or excuse such behavior if it violates the licensing agreement.
References:
* 9: Best License Management Software 2023 | Capterra
* 10: Best 10 Software License Management Tools in 2023 | Zluri
* 11: Top 10 Software License Tracking Tools | Zluri
* 12: Top 5 Software License Tracking Solutions in 2023 - DNSstuff
NEW QUESTION # 135
誰負責定義資料存取權限？
- A. IT 營運經理
- B. 資訊安全經理
- C. 資料庫管理員 (DBA)
- D. 資料擁有者
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
Thedata owneris the individual or entity responsible for classifying, protecting, and defining access permissions to data. They ensure that only authorized personnel can access, modify, or distribute data based on business needs and regulatory requirements.
* Data Owner (Correct Answer - B)
* The data owner is responsible forsetting user permissionsbased on job roles and business requirements.
* According toISACA's CISA Review Manual and COBIT 2019, the data owner determines access levels while IT personnel enforce them.
* Example:A finance department head (data owner) determines that only certain accountants should access sensitive payroll data.
* IT Operations Manager (Incorrect - A)
* Oversees IT infrastructure but does not define data access controls.
* Database Administrator (DBA) (Incorrect - C)
* Implements and enforces security settings but follows rules set by the data owner.
* Information Security Manager (Incorrect - D)
* Provides security guidance but does not decide specific access permissions.
References:
* ISACA CISA Review Manual
* COBIT 2019 Framework
* NIST 800-53 (Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems)
NEW QUESTION # 136
由於客戶訂單量很大，一家組織計劃實施一個新的應用程式供客戶用於線上訂購。哪種類型的測試對於確保應用程式上線前的安全性最重要？
- A. 迴歸測試
- B. 壓力測試
- C. 漏洞測試
- D. 使用者驗收測試（UAT）
Answer: B
Explanation:
Stress testing is one of the most useful software testing procedures since it helps the team to assure the product's performance. Furthermore, it verifies the software's security, dependability, and error-handling capabilities, further enhancing its quality.
NEW QUESTION # 137
在實施後審查期間，下列哪一項提供了滿足使用者需求的最佳證據？
- A. 使用者驗收測試 (UAT)
- B. 最終使用者文檔
- C. 操作員錯誤日誌
- D. 管理階層訪談
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 138
下列哪一項最有利於 IT 相關框架的成功實施？
- A. 在框架內涉及適當的業務代表
- B. 記錄 IT 相關政策和程序
- C. 建立委員會來支持和監督框架活動
- D. 使框架與行業最佳實踐保持一致
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 139
下列哪一項是衡量組織事件回應計畫成效的最佳指標？
- A. 每個安全事件的財務影響
- B. 受保護的業務應用程式的百分比
- C. 安全漏洞修補程式數量
- D. 成功滲透測試的數量
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 140
IS 審計員擔心，未經授權的存取高度敏感的資料中心可能會透過捎帶或尾隨而獲得。以下哪一項是最佳推薦？ （從CISA認證-資訊系統審核員官方書籍中選出正確答案並給予解釋）
- A. 氣閘入口
- B. 入侵警報
- C. 陪伴訪客的程序
- D. 生物識別
Answer: A
Explanation:
The best recommendation to prevent unauthorized access to a highly sensitive data center by piggybacking or tailgating is to use an airlock entrance. An airlock entrance is a type of access control system that consists of two doors that are interlocked, so that only one door can be opened at a time. This prevents an unauthorized person from following an authorized person into the data center without being detected. An airlock entrance can also be integrated with other security measures, such as biometrics, card readers, or PIN pads, to verify the identity and authorization of each person entering the data center.
Biometrics (option A) is a method of verifying the identity of a person based on their physical or behavioral characteristics, such as fingerprints, iris scans, or voice recognition. Biometrics can provide a high level of security, but they are not sufficient to prevent piggybacking or tailgating, as an unauthorized person can still follow an authorized person who has been authenticated by the biometric system.
Procedures for escorting visitors (option B) is a policy that requires all visitors to the data center to be accompanied by an authorized employee at all times. This can help prevent unauthorized access by visitors, but it does not address the risk of piggybacking or tailgating by other employees or contractors who may have legitimate access to the building but not to the data center.
Intruder alarms (option D) are devices that detect and alert when an unauthorized person enters a restricted area. Intruder alarms can provide a deterrent and a response mechanism for unauthorized access, but they are not effective in preventing piggybacking or tailgating, as they rely on the detection of the intruder after they have already entered the data center.
References: 1: CISA Certification | Certified Information Systems Auditor | ISACA 2: CISA Certified Information Systems Auditor Study Guide, 4th Edition 3: CISA - Certified Information Systems Auditor Study Guide [Book]
NEW QUESTION # 141
某個組織正在處置包含敏感資料的系統，並已刪除硬碟上的所有檔案。 IS 審計員應該擔心，因為：
- A. 檔案的備份副本也沒有被刪除。
- B. 已刪除的資料無法輕易檢索。
- C. 邏輯刪除檔案不會覆蓋檔案的實體資料。
- D. 單獨刪除所有檔案的效率不如格式化硬碟。
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 142
在實現網際網路協定安全（IPsec）架構時，參與應用程式交付的伺服器：
- A. 透過傳輸層安全性 (TLS) 進行通訊。
- B. 經過驗證的通道存取。
- C. 僅透過面向公眾的防火牆進行通道存取。
- D. 阻止授權使用者進行未經授權的活動。
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 143
對於 IS 審計員來說，下列哪一項是評估組織資料遺失防護 (DLP) 控制措施運作有效性最可靠的方法？
- A. 根據行業最佳實踐審查資料分類級別
- B. 進行訪談以識別可能的資料保護漏洞。
- C. 驗證機密檔案是否無法傳輸到個人 USB 裝置。
- D. 驗證所有電腦系統上是否安裝了最新的 DLP 軟體。
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 144
IT 災難復原時間目標 (RTO) 應基於：
- A. 最大可容忍的資料遺失。
- B. 中斷的性質
- C. 業務定義的系統關鍵性。
- D. 最大可容忍停機時間 (MTD)。
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
IT disaster recovery time objectives (RTOs) are the maximum acceptable time that an IT system can be unavailable after a disaster before it causes unacceptable consequences for the business. IT RTOs should be based on the business-defined criticality of the systems, which reflects how important they are for supporting the business processes and functions. The maximum tolerable loss of data, the nature of the outage, and the maximum tolerable downtime (MTD) are also factors that affect the IT RTOs, but they are not the primary basis for determining them.
NEW QUESTION # 145
對於評估組織發布管理流程有效性的 IS 審計員來說，下列哪一項應該是最關心的？
- A. 標識要保護的資產。
- B. 過去兩年沒有更新發布管理策略。
- C. 識別潛在威脅。
- D. 評估到位的控制。
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 146
對組織的重大交易資產負債表的審查以及對產生資產負債表的程序的應用程式審查將使用以下哪種抽樣方法？
- A. 判斷抽樣
- B. 變數採樣
- C. 發現取樣
- D. 走走停停採樣
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 147
零售公司的倉庫員工能夠透過在庫存系統中輸入損壞或遺失的庫存物品的調整來掩蓋庫存物品被盜的情況。哪種控制措施可以最好地防止零售環境中的此類詐欺行為？
- A. 調整交易的統計抽樣
- B. 對遺失的庫存行進行計劃外審核
- C. 交易輸入的單獨授權
- D. 庫存交易成效的編輯檢查
Answer: C
Explanation:
Separate authorization for input of transactions. This control would have best prevented this type of fraud in a retail environment by ensuring that the warehouse employee who handles the inventory items does not have the authority to enter adjustments to the inventory system. This would create a segregation of duties that would reduce the risk of collusion and concealment of theft.
The other options are not as effective as option A in preventing this type of fraud. Option B, statistical sampling of adjustment transactions, is a detective control that may help identify fraudulent transactions after they have occurred, but it does not prevent them from happening in the first place. Option C, unscheduled audits of lost stock lines, is also a detective control that may reveal discrepancies between the physical and recorded inventory, but it does not address the root cause of the fraud. Option D, an edit check for the validity of the inventory transaction, is a preventive control that may help verify the accuracy and completeness of the transaction data, but it does not prevent unauthorized or fraudulent adjustments.
References:
* ISACA, CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, 2019
* ISACA, CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database - 12 Month Subscription
* Different Types of Inventory Fraud and How to Prevent Them1
* 6 Ways to Prevent Inventory Fraud in Your Business2
NEW QUESTION # 148
在評估最近對與組織業務連續性計劃 (BCP) 相關的流程和工具進行的變更的有效性時，IS 審計師最好審查什麼？
- A. 完整測試結果
- B. 已完成的測試計劃
- C. 變更管理流程
- D. 更新的系統清單
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 149
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